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A bit of snow on the ground

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Snow in front of the house
 We've had some cold and snowy weather in St. John's over the past couple
of weeks. The storm last night only left 15-20 cm of snow in the city, but its a damp heavy snow. It feels like winter has caught up to us now.

The city is halfway through a major sewer upgrade along our street and there has been a construction zone in front of our house for most of the fall.  We've had a combination of related and unrelated plumbing problems in our basement since last spring and have been waiting for the upgrade to get to our house so that we could put the basement back together and finally be done with it all.  Of course, the contractors stopped one house short of us, so we get to be the first house hooked up in the spring, but we can't really make the basement livable again until that work is done.  It feels like it could be a long winter.

Our street has been put back together just in time for winter.  

The backyard is peaceful, though.  I hope to use the downstairs deck through the winter. It looks like it should be easy to keep clear.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Heading to the hills...

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I'm putting the blog on autopilot for a couple of weeks so that I can enjoy a computer free Christmas. This is a reconstruction of a Neolithic Pastoralist found in the tourist information centre and community museum in Laguardia, Spain.  Obviously we've made a lot of advances in toupee technology since then.
Photo Credit: Tim Rast

Grise Fiord Monument

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Overlooking Grise Fiord is a life-sized monument to the first Inuit brought to the community in 1953 and 1955.

You can read about the creation of the communities of Resolute Bay and Grise Fiord by the Canadian government in the 1950s on Wikipedia: High Arctic Relocation.

IN MEMORY OF INUIT LANDED HERE IN 1953 & 1955, AND THOSE WHO CAME AFTER.
They came to these desolate shores to pursue the Government's promise of a more prosperous life. They endured and overcame great hardship, and dedicated their lives to Canada's sovereignty in these lands and waters.
Sculptor: Looty Pijamini
Assistant Sculptor: Matthew Pijamini
Commissioned by Nunavut Tunngavik Inc.
Unveiled September 2010
Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Beothuk Birch Bark Containers

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A pair of red ochre stained Beothuk birch bark containers on display in the Mary March Museum in Grand Falls-Windsor.  I have a Beothuk birch bark reproduction on the horizon, but it will have to wait until later next year because I've missed the window for harvesting bark for this year.  The best time to harvest the bark is late spring or early summer.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Merry Christmas!

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Dog Sled, Grise Fiord, Nunavut.
Photo Credit: Tim Rast

Resolute Bay Raven

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Big black ravens populate Resolute Bay, Nunavut.

They don't seem to sit still for long.  They are always on the look out for their next meal.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast


Home from Cuba

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We spent an evening in Havana,
 taking in the Tropicana show.
Lori and I usually go away for Christmas at the Cabin with our friends John and Elaine.  Originally, a cabin just outside of St. John's was enough of a retreat from the holiday hustle.  Lately we've been finding cabins farther and farther afield.  This year we took "Christmas at the Cabin" to Cuba.  It was my first time in the country.  In fact, it was my first sun vacation ever.  I tried snorkeling for the first time, we made a couple trips to Havana, I bought a hat from a blind weaver and his wife who sews them, we picked up a couple pieces of art, I had the best Pina Colada's in Cuba, and read four books.

I don't know what kind of fish this is, but we called them "Banana Biters", because they went crazy for bananas.  They could smell the bananas on you fingers and would swarm all over you nipping at your fingers.  They were pretty intimidating at first because they are the size of footballs and a a dozen or more will appear out of nowhere and start a banana feeding frenzy.

The Tropicana, Havana

Our resort was about an hour east of Havana in a beautiful rural area.  A lot of the small farms were worked with cattle or horses or by hand.  This man would greet the tourists with fresh coconuts and sugar cane from his fields.

This was my first time snorkeling and I think I'm hooked.  It was incredible, I have hundreds and hundreds of photos to sort through just from the underwater camera, never mind all the pictures from Havana and the countryside.  I'm sure I'll put up more photos from the trip over the next few weeks as I get back into my workshop and office routine.
Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Rural Cuba at Jibacoa

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Lori feeding sugarcane to a pig. Cuban
pork is the best fed pork in the world.
While in Cuba, we stayed at a resort near Jibacoa, about an hour east of Havana.  It was my first time in Cuba and my first time staying at an all-inclusive resort, so I don't have much to compare it to, but I was surprised by how remote the resort felt.  The resort faced the water, but was backed by a big forested hill.  We spent a bit of time hiking around the hill on guided and solo treks and got to know the farms and people in the area.

This is the view of the resort from the top of the hill.  We certainly weren't wanting for anything, but the lush, hilly countryside made us feel like we were all in the jungle and not crowded in to a tourist strip.

A half hour hike over the top of the hill took us into open fields and farm land.  The horse or cattle drawn cart is for hauling sugarcane.  

On the guided hikes, the farmers met us with sugarcane and fresh coconuts.

Lori was an old pro with coconut water, but it was my first time.
Once drained, the coconuts were split with a machete and we could scrape the white meat out to eat.
Cuban Farmhouse.
I think he sees a lot of tourists in a year.
One of the buildings on the farm is a barbershop under the veranda.  

On Boxing Day, I went back for a cut.

At some point peacocks were introduced to Cuba.  They seem to hang around anywhere that people live.  We saw them on the farms, but also throughout Havana.
By far, the most common bird we saw were the large turkey vultures that always seemed to be visible somewhere in the sky.  I don't think there was ever a moment when they weren't in sight, circling overhead or off in the distance.

One of my favourite souvenirs from the trip is this hat.  According to our tour guide, these are the type of palms used to make the hats.
This is the husband and wife team who made the hat.  He's lost his sight, but continues to braid the long strands of leaves and she sews them together.  Each hat is made as a single spiral starting at the centre and looping round and round towards the brim.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast


Daytime Havana

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Christmas Eve 2013 in Havana
St. John's is not making it easy to adjust back to winter.  This time last week we were in Cuba and we visited Havana in shorts and t-shirts on Christmas Eve.  Today, in St. John's, we already have more than a metre of snow and because its the coldest winter in two and a half decades, most of it is still on the ground.  We're having rolling power outages across the Province because everyone has their heat cranked.  On top of that we are on a blizzard watch and will most likely be getting another 25-40cm of snow in the next 24 hours.  I am looking forward to some excellent snowshoeing on Sunday, but forgive me if I spend my computer's battery life reminiscing about warmer days while waiting out the second blackout to hit our street since breakfast.  

Looking up in La Plaza Vieja
Havana has 500 years of history, not including the indigenous people who lived in Cuba for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived.

Much of Havana is showing its age.  Businesses and public buildings are being renovated and restored, but residences don't enjoy the same treatment.  Makeshift scaffolds and supports keep the ornate exteriors from crumbling onto the streets below.

Museums, shops, restaurants, and tourist attractions are enjoying the effects of revitalization and Old Havana is becoming a colourful, vibrant destination.


Aside from a few decorations in the hotels, Christmas really isn't noticeable in Cuba.  The season coincides with the sugarcane harvest and the holiday has only been observed for the past decade or so.  We stopped for Mojitos in the Ambos Mundos Hotel, where Hemingway lived, drank, and wrote for several months.

One of the large government buildings surrounding Revolution Square.


Areas of the city are being revitalized, in part through UNESCO funding.  This sculpture by Roberto Fabelo was installed in the newly renovated La Plaza Vieja in 2012.  

The older stone architecture had a very European feel to it and the Spanish influences can be seen everywhere in the older part of the city.

Another view from La Plaza Vieja

More than 2 million people live in Havana, not counting the Canadian, British, and German tourists.  The streets are full day and night, which, again gives the feeling that you've been transported to Spain.

The house on the hill overlooking the harbour was the residence of Ernesto "Che" Guevara while he lived in Havana. 

The restaurant we had lunch in had an eclectic style.  No restaurant is too small to have a live band, and at this particular spot Peacocks and chickens roamed under the tables and lounged around the walls and fountains.  Not sure what the noose was for.


The view of the city from the lighthouse.  I don't know what I was expecting Havana to be like, but I had no idea it would be so beautiful.


A large church across the street from the City's indoor market.

The market has an overwhelming array of art.  Its the perfect place to get an inexpensive original painting of classic cars, Havana streets, and naked ladies.  The handful of artists producing original designs stand out.  We bought several pieces from this vendor.


Every mode of transportation imaginable can be found on the streets of Havana from horse drawn carriages and classic cars to scooters, buses, and rickshaws.

The ubiquitous turkey vultures make Havana their home, too. 

Statue of John Lennon in John Lennon Park.  Apparently the former Beatle never actually visited Havana, but he inspired the people enough that they built a park in his honour.  The glasses really make the statue.  The glasses have been stolen and broken on several occasions, so now their is an elderly custodian who is their caretaker.  He keeps them safe in his pocket, but will bring them out and put them on Mr. Lennon for photos.

More Spanish architecture.  More Peacocks.  

We only had one day and one night in Havana.  Some day we'll return for a longer visit.

Street musicians, buskers, peanut salesmen, and all manner of hawkers and performers punctuated the streets and intersections of Old Havana.

A famous Havana citizen, who roamed the streets during the 20th century has been immortalized in bronze.
Its easy to see how the streets of Havana could inspire generations of poets, painters, travelers, and writers.

Photo Credits: Lori White and Tim Rast


Snowshoeing #DarkNL

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Snowshoeing the East Coast Trail
is a little tricky with a metre of
powdery snow on the ground.
Newfoundland is still in the midst of coping with a major winter storm, pre-preemptive closures, rolling blackouts and and unexpected Island-wide power failures.  The Premier and Newfoundland Power officials are warning us that this could be the new normal.  If and when the power grid becomes stable, we may be asked to conserve power for another month or two, and the dim light at the end of the tunnel that the Premier is offering us is a new power generation station in Labrador allegedly coming online in 2017.

Snow-B-Que!
Which means its going to be a great time for star-gazing, mid-winter barbeques, and winter sports.  We've got the grill set up again on the back deck, which we shovel out now before we work on the car and the front of the house.  On Sunday morning, Lori and I headed out to Cape Spear with a couple friends to snowshoe the Black Head Path. We only made it a kilometre or so along the trail before the deep powder turned us back, but it was still a great time and the Fish and Chips and pints at The Duke helped a lot.

The start of the hike had blue skies and huge waves.

The snow on the barrens leading to the foot of Black Head was easy to cross, but the drift in the trees were another story.  

We didn't make it anywhere near the top of Black Head, but we were well prepared for the mid-way break.  If this is going to be the new normal, I want snowshoe poles and a hip flask for Scotch, too.

The grey clouds and a dusting of snow had started by the time we made our way back to the car.  The waves were still impressive.

Cape Spear, Newfoundland and Labrador.  The Easternmost point in North America.

Cape Spear Light House.

Sausage, Tea, Coffee and booze to raise our spirits after an aborted attempt to cross Black Head.

A couple hours struggling through deep snow feels like a couple hours on a stair master.

There are so many great trails, I'm torn between returning to this trail and trying to finish it, or moving on to a new spot next time.
 Photo Credits: Lori White and Tim Rast

Back to the Grindstone.

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The dry grinding wheel still works fine.
I broke my grindstone.  I spent the morning working on an book review that I'd planned to wrap up in December and then in the afternoon I moved into the workshop to tackle a few copper pressure flakers for a friend in New York.  Of course, just as I was about to finish up in the workshop I broke a gear in my wet/dry grinder because I tried to rush thawing the block of ice in the wet grinder reservoir to get the wheel spinning again.  Now it looks like it won't ever spin again.

There's still lots of snow in
the yard, even after the rain
and warm temperatures
yesterday.
There is a nylon gear inside the grinder that runs the wet wheel and it is designed to fail in order to save the motor from burning out when there is too much resistance on the grinding wheel.  Its like blowing a fuse.  Unfortunately the machine is over 15 years old and apparently that replacement part is no longer produced, so it looks like I'm in the market for a new wet grinder.  I spent the last half of the afternoon looking around St. John's for a new one, but aside from some much smaller wet/dry grinders at Canadian Tire, I haven't had any luck finding a replacement, yet.  Even online it looks like it could be a challenge finding an upgrade.  I'll keep hunting.


The pressure flakers turned out fine.  I should be able to get the kits assembled and ready to ship tomorrow.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast

First Order of 2014 - Shipped!

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Antler billets and pressure flaking kits
The first Elfshot order of 2014 is out the door and shipped.  A friend in New York ordered a bunch of flintknapping kits and moose antler billets to use with his students. It was the perfect sized order to ease back into the workshop.  Most of the week has gone into planning a flintknapping trip to western Canada for the spring, outlining some potential work with the Inuit Heritage Trust for next winter, and writing a couple of brief reviews.  I am so grateful for (and jealous of) people who are good at organizing and writing, because I find both activities extremely difficult.  This morning, I managed to finish a short summary of the Newfoundland and Labrador Archaeological Society's first year for the Provinicial Archaeology Office's annual report series and this afternoon I'm continuing to stab away at a book review that is increasingly overdue.  Right now, the closest thing that I can find to motivation for writing is a desire to pad out the rest of the work week with a few more productive hours so that tomorrow's planned snowshoe, greasy pub, and wine tasting adventure feels like an earned break.

Assorted small moose antler billets.  The smallest ones can double as pressure flakers.
Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Check Your Passport Carefully

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I had a major scare with my passport on our recent trip to Cuba.  It was a brand new passport;  I got it last June and it looked fine when I thumbed through it and signed it, but it turns out there was a defect on the main page that almost cost me the trip.  The WestJet agent at the St. John's Airport spotted a small tear above my photo when we were checking in for our flight at 4:30 in the morning.  For some countries, like Mexico, the minimum acceptable condition for a passport is "Pristine".  Its up to the receiving country to decide who they will or will not let into their country.  We had no way of knowing if Cuba would allow me entry with the blemished passport or not.  We had to decide at 4:30 in the morning whether to delay, cancel, or risk the trip.

This is my faulty passport.  I've blurred my
 details, but trust me, all of the printing
 was clear and crisp.
Can you spot the blemish?
The defect on the passport was a problem in the reflective hologram layer above my photo.  My photo was in tact, all of the information on the page was legible and correct, and the passport scanned perfectly, but there was a 5 mm wide tear in the hologram layer above my head.  It looked like wrapping paper when you pull a piece of tape off and the top layer of the paper comes with it.  At first glance, the damage wasn't noticeable, just a small area of matte paper on an otherwise glossy page.  The word "CANADA" was missing, but unless you compared the passport side-by-side with another one, you wouldn't know that the word was supposed to be there.  The passport was brand new, this was my first time using it, so I had no reason to suspect that there would be any problem with it.

please, please, please, please, please....
The check-in agent at the WestJet counter saw the defect right away and asked me about the tear.  I honestly didn't know what she was talking about it until she showed me the page next to Lori's.  There was certainly something wrong with my passport.  They passed us over to another agent who spent 30-40 minutes with us at the counter trying to work out our options.  At this point it seemed like Lori and I would miss our plane.  John and Elaine went on ahead of us through security and we really didn't know if we'd be joining them on the other side or in Cuba for Christmas after all.  We were advised not to risk it.  We made a plan to delay our trip by 24 hours and go to the Passport office in St. John's for an emergency replacement, but we didn't want to leave the check-in line until we had a flight for the next day booked.  We tried to re-book, but there wasn't anything for the next day.  Or the day after that. Or the day after that.  The next available flight was in six days.  Half the trip would have been lost for a 5 x 20mm tear through the reflective coating on my brand new, Government of Canada-issued passport.

The blemish is the tear above my hair on the left side.
 The right side shows my new, corrected passport.
At that point we decided to risk it and fly out anyhow.  Rebooking would cost us half our vacation and if we were turned away by customs in Cuba, well then we'd at least have a Cuba story to tell.  The WestJet agent who had been calling for advice and checking out options for us was in tears at the stress of it all and we weren't far behind.  There was nothing she could do but let us know the risk we were taking.  There wouldn't be any problem getting on our planes and getting down to Cuba, but there was no guarantee that the Custom's agent there would let me in the country.  We found out from our Travel Agent that if I was refused, I would have to purchase a ticket on the next available flight and return home immediately.  Not only would that flight of shame be out-of-pocket, but our trip cancellation insurance would not have reimbursed us for any of the lost trip.  That tiny blemish on my brand new passport was threatening to cost us a two week vacation and thousands of dollars in unrecoverable expenses.

Safe! On the outside
of the airport.
When we got to Cuba, we decided that I should go through customs first, so we'd all still be on the same side of the wall if I was refused entry.  The young man at the counter took my passport and asked me to stand on the dot on the floor and take my glasses off.  He took my picture while he studied the passport.  He spotted the defect right away and pointed to it on the page and asked me "what is this?" I said "I know, its a brand new passport.  That's how they gave it to me at the Passport Office in St. John's.".  He put his head down and I saw his hand reach to the edge of the desk and hover over the phone for what seemed like forever.  Now I was going to have to explain to his supervisor or whoever else wanted to question me.  But he didn't pick up his phone, he picked up his stamp, stamped my visitor's visa and said "Have a nice stay."

We kept my passport in the safe
and used Lori's for things like
exchanging money.
It was pretty nerve-wracking, but at that point I knew I was going to get my Christmas vacation and our gamble had paid off.  It was also pretty obvious just how lucky we were.  A different customs agent or the same guy in a bad mood could have easily stopped me and sent me back to Canada.  The first night in the resort, I woke up in the middle of the night with a guilty feeling, like I'd done something wrong and snuck into the country unlawfully.  At the end of the trip, I had to show my passport again to Custom's agents in Cuba and Canada.  They all let me past, but they all asked about the defect.  I never want to travel with anything less than a Pristine condition passport again.

As soon as we got home, I took my passport down to the Passport Office in St. John's.  I was expecting a fight, but they accepted responsibility immediately.  The manager came out to help me and I was given priority placing in all the lines.  They took my old passport, reimbursed me for new photos and my new passport was delivered to the door yesterday, free of charge.  They even offered me same day pick-up, if I'd wanted it, but I wasn't in a rush so the mail was fine.  The manager told me that he hadn't seen that sort of quality error in their office before, but he was going to send the passport on to their national office in case other branches had experienced similar problems.

The lesson I've learned is that passports are very, very serious things and that you need to check and re-check your documents well in advance of travelling.  Just because its a new passport, doesn't mean its going to be a pristine passport.

Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Snowshoeing the Waterwitch Trail

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The Waterwitch trail starts at the north end of Pouch Cove and winds towards Cape St. Francis, the northernmost point of land on the east side of Conception Bay.  We took off for a couple hours of snowshoeing there last weekend.  We've got some pretty beautiful and rugged lengths of coastline within easy access of St. John's.  Its not looking like good weather for snowshoeing this weekend, so I'm glad we got out last week.








 Photo Credits:
1-2: Lori White
3-4: Tim Rast

Edmonton and Saskatoon March Flintknapping Announcements

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Edmonton Flintknapping workshop
I'm very pleased to be returning to Edmonton on March 15th and 16th of this year for a flintknapping workshop with the Archaeological Society of Alberta's Strathcona Centre.  I had a great time last year, so I'm really looking forward to it.  When the details get sorted out, there will probably be a couple demonstration dates elsewhere in Alberta during the following week.  Then I head to Saskatchewan, thanks funding from the Saskatchewan Archaeological Society, The University of Saskatchewan, and the Saskatchewan Association of Professional Archaeologists.  There will be demonstrations in Saskatoon on Friday, March 21st and then a workshop on the weekend (March 22nd and 23rd).     I'll post more details as we firm up the venues, but it promises to be a lot of fun.

Photo Credit: Tim Rast

Planning Dorset Drums

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The Dorset Drums from Button Point
I'm starting work on a couple Dorset Palaeoeskimo drums based on artifacts found on Bylot Island off the north end of Baffin Island, Nunavut.  The original artifacts were found by Father Guy Mary-Rousselière at the Button Point site and are stored now in the Canadian Museum of Civilization History in Gatineau.  The drums are small, with a diameter between 17 and 20 cm and with 10 cm long handles that are the size of a pencil.  They're each about the size of a ping-pong paddle.  I don't know what wood the drums are made from, but unless they were made from driftwood, then willow is the only option in that part of the arctic.  I intend to use willow for the reproductions.  In a general sense they are similar to Inuit drums, but they differ in scale and several details, which I'll discuss in future posts.  I intend to use reindeer/caribou rawhide for the drum skin and sinew for the lashing.  I'm curious to see what the finished drums will sound like.  The Dorset are well known for their artistic carvings, so it'll be interesting to learn a little more about the sound of their music.

The printed photos show two drums.  In the lower image the two drums are laying on top of each other, while in the top image one drum is shown on its own (you can recognize it by it's short handle).  For a sense of scale, these images are printed at 1:1 scale and the sheets of paper are letter sized 8 1/2 x 11" pages.  The sheets are sitting on a roll of reindeer skin that will be the drum skin.
Photo Credit: Tim Rast

Looking for willow shoots

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Collecting sticks
I've collected the wood for a first attempt at the Dorset drums from Bylot Island.  I don't know what sort of wood was used for the original drums, but arctic willow is the only option if the drums were constructed from locally available materials.  Willow grows throughout the arctic as a low lying shrub that sprawls along the ground.  Occasionally, in very sheltered locations with the right sort of micro climate, you will find willows growing vertically up to a metre high.  Given the dimensions of the Dorset drums, I believe they could have been constructed from one of these tall willows growing in a protected location.  Here in St. John's, I found some nice straight willow shoots that I think will work for the drum.

We took the clipboard on the willow
 hunt, because it makes you look
official when you are wandering
 around pruning trees.
At least I think they're willow.  The willow species that are native to Newfoundland grow low along the ground like arctic willow and a lot of them are endangered or not found near St. John's.  I need to go with an introduced species of willow.  I found what I think is a windblown willow tree with lots of nice straight shoots to choose from, but I'm not 100% certain that I got the identification right.  The twigs and buds look like willow to me, but I'm not expert.  I used an online twig identification key and it told me they were some sort of willow as well, so I'm satisified enough to proceed with the bending and shaping.

Arctic Willow on Baffin Island

Next up - bending the sticks.
Photo Credits:
1,2: Lori White
3,4: Tim Rast

The NLAS has been busy

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Planning for the future
I've attended a few Newfoundland and Labrador Archaeological Society meetings in the past week or so.  We had an executive meeting last week and then a public planning meeting on the weekend.  Following the weekend brainstorming session, the Planning Committee got together on Tuesday to distill some of the great ideas we heard into a manageable 3 year plan.  We very nearly have a draft of the plan ready for the board to vote on at our next board meeting in early February.  We'll need the plan in place in order to apply for funding and seek charitable status for the NLAS.  I wish I was as organized with my own business as we are with the NLAS.  Of course having a large pool of energetic volunteers helps a lot.
We had a good turnout and some new faces at the public planning meeting last Saturday.  We generated dozens of ideas for services to offer members and directions to take the society.  We're organizing those ideas into themes and laying them out as a road-map that the society will follow for the next three years.
Photo Credits: Tim Rast

The guns on Signal Hill

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The Queen's Battery, Signal Hill
The rain, fog, and warm temperatures demolished the snow, so we weren't able to get out snowshoeing this weekend.  Still, we met friends for brunch on Saturday and went for a cold hike around Signal Hill, here in St. John's.  We stopped at the Queen's Battery on the way back to the car to check out the big guns.




Photo Credits: Tim Rast

Copper Pressure Flakers

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Copper Pressure Flakers
I've been making and shipping a lot of flintknapping supplies lately.  Today I was cutting up moose antler into billets and preparing a few copper tipped pressure flakers.  I need to restock my own supply of tools for upcoming workshops, but I can't seem to get get ahead of the orders.  The pressure flakers that I make are pretty simple; 6 inches of wood doweling with a two inch section of heavy copper ground wire inserted into a hole that has been drilled in one end.  The reason knappers use copper-tipped flakers is that copper can be a little easier to find than antler and it is more durable than bone or antler, so it requires less retouch and resharpening.  Copper is preferred over other metals because it is relatively soft and will grab the edge of the stone that you are working on without crushing it, as a piece of brass or iron would.

It can be tricky to find a heavy gauge copper wire in a hardware store. You are looking for something at least a 1/4 of an inch thick.  The folded length of copper wire in the top of this photo is a copper ground wire from a power pole.  I bought a bucket of these folded ground wires a few years ago from a salvage yard and have been using them ever since.  A wire the length of a power pole can be cut into a lot of 2 inch lengths.
I straighten out a few feet of wire at a time and snip off the individual pieces with a bolt cutter.
 
After that, I just tap them into the doweling, grind a fresh point onto the end and touch up  the ends of the doweling with a sander.  They're pretty simple, but they get the job done.  They're great for students to learn with.  
Photo Credits: Tim Rast
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